Uterine fibroids are non-cancerous growths that develop in the muscles of the uterus. While many women with fibroids can experience normal pregnancies, the presence of fibroids can sometimes complicate conception and lead to complications during pregnancy. Fibroids can affect a woman’s fertility, pregnancy progress, and even delivery, making it important to understand their potential impact.

In this article, we’ll discuss how fibroids can affect pregnancy, the potential risks involved, and the treatment options available for women who are planning to conceive or who are already pregnant. At Great Lakes Medical Imaging (GLMI), we offer advanced diagnostic imaging services to help identify fibroids and monitor your health throughout the pregnancy journey.

How Fibroids Can Affect Pregnancy

1. Impact on Fertility

While fibroids don’t necessarily prevent pregnancy, they can make it more difficult for some women to conceive. Submucosal fibroids, which grow just beneath the uterine lining, can interfere with embryo implantation or cause changes in the shape of the uterine cavity. These fibroids can disrupt normal implantation, making it harder for a fertilized egg to attach to the uterine wall.

Intramural fibroids (those that grow within the uterine wall) may also distort the uterus and affect the function of the fallopian tubes, which are responsible for transporting the egg from the ovaries to the uterus.

• Impact on Fertility: While many women with fibroids conceive successfully, larger or more numerous fibroids can contribute to infertility. Women with fibroids who are having trouble conceiving should speak with a healthcare provider to assess the fibroids and discuss treatment options.

2. Increased Risk of Miscarriage

Women with fibroids, particularly those with submucosal fibroids, may have an increased risk of miscarriage. These fibroids can interfere with the normal growth of the placenta, leading to complications like inadequate blood flow, early detachment of the placenta, or premature rupture of membranes. Fibroids in the uterus may also change its shape or size, making it harder for the pregnancy to develop properly.

• Impact on Pregnancy: The risk of miscarriage depends on the size, location, and number of fibroids. However, the majority of women with fibroids still have successful pregnancies.

3. Preterm Labor and Premature Birth

Fibroids can increase the risk of preterm labor or premature birth, especially if the fibroids are large or located near the cervix. As the uterus expands during pregnancy, fibroids can interfere with its ability to stretch and expand properly, leading to early contractions or labor. Large fibroids may also cause pressure on the cervix, which can lead to premature dilation and early labor.

• Impact on Delivery: If fibroids cause preterm labor, doctors will closely monitor the pregnancy and may recommend medications or interventions to manage symptoms and delay labor. In some cases, bed rest or reduced physical activity may be suggested.

4. Placental Problems

Fibroids can lead to placental issues, including placenta previa and placental abruption. Placenta previa occurs when the placenta grows low in the uterus and covers the cervix, potentially causing complications during delivery. Placental abruption is when the placenta separates from the uterine wall prematurely, which can lead to heavy bleeding and harm to both the mother and baby.

• Impact on Pregnancy: Fibroids that grow near the placenta can disrupt its normal function, leading to abnormal placental positioning or function. This can result in bleeding, premature birth, or other complications.

5. Obstructed Labor and Delivery Issues

Large fibroids can obstruct the birth canal and interfere with the normal process of labor and delivery. In some cases, fibroids can block the passage of the baby, making a vaginal delivery difficult or impossible. Women with significant fibroids may need a Cesarean section (C-section) to deliver the baby safely.

• Impact on Delivery: Depending on the location and size of the fibroids, a C-section may be necessary to ensure both the mother’s and baby’s safety during delivery.

What Can You Do About Fibroids During Pregnancy?

1. Monitoring Fibroids During Pregnancy

If you have fibroids and are planning to conceive, or if you are already pregnant, it's essential to monitor the fibroids regularly. Ultrasound imaging is commonly used to monitor fibroids during pregnancy, allowing your healthcare provider to assess their size, location, and any potential changes that might affect your pregnancy. Routine imaging can help catch any issues early and guide appropriate treatment.

At Great Lakes Medical Imaging, we provide advanced ultrasound and MRI services to monitor fibroids and their impact on pregnancy. This allows for timely interventions and better management of potential complications.

2. Treatment for Fibroids Before Conception

For women with significant fibroids who are trying to conceive, treatment options are available to reduce the size of the fibroids and improve fertility. Myomectomy, a procedure in which fibroids are surgically removed, is one option for women who wish to preserve their fertility. This procedure is typically done before pregnancy to avoid complications during labor and delivery.

For some women, medications like GnRH agonists (which temporarily shrink fibroids) may be prescribed before conception. However, these medications should be used cautiously, especially during pregnancy.

3. Managing Symptoms During Pregnancy

If you’re pregnant and have fibroids, there are several ways to manage symptoms:

• Pain Relief: While pain from fibroids is not uncommon during pregnancy, it can usually be managed with over-the-counter pain relievers, like acetaminophen (Tylenol). Always consult with your healthcare provider before taking any medication during pregnancy.

• Physical Activity: Gentle exercises, such as walking or prenatal yoga, can help relieve pressure and discomfort caused by fibroids. However, you should avoid activities that put strain on the pelvic region or abdominal area.

• Rest: Taking breaks and elevating your feet can help reduce swelling and pressure caused by fibroids.

4. Delivery Planning

If you have large fibroids or are experiencing complications due to fibroids, your healthcare provider may recommend a C-section as a safer delivery option. This is especially common if the fibroids obstruct the birth canal or cause significant risks during labor.

How GLMI Can Help Monitor Fibroids

At Great Lakes Medical Imaging, we provide advanced imaging services, including ultrasound and MRI, to diagnose and monitor uterine fibroids throughout your pregnancy. Our experienced radiologists can assess the size, location, and impact of fibroids, helping you and your healthcare provider make informed decisions about your care.

Comprehensive Imaging Services Available in Buffalo, NY

We offer non-invasive imaging that provides real-time insights into your uterine health. Whether you’re planning to conceive or are already pregnant, our imaging services can track changes in fibroid size and help manage potential complications.

Experienced Buffalo Radiologists

Our skilled radiologists have extensive experience interpreting ultrasound and MRI images to diagnose and monitor fibroids, ensuring that you receive accurate and timely results.

Convenient Locations Across Buffalo and Western New York

With multiple convenient locations throughout Buffalo, NY, and Western New York, GLMI makes it easy for you to get the imaging services you need to monitor fibroids and maintain your health throughout your pregnancy.

Take Action Today in Buffalo, NY

If you're concerned about fibroids and their potential impact on your pregnancy, contact us today to schedule an appointment. Our team at GLMI is here to provide you with the diagnostic services and care you need to ensure the health and well-being of both you and your baby.

Medical Disclaimer

This article is for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider regarding any medical conditions or concerns you may have.