Breast cancer is often thought of as a disease that only affects women, but the reality is that men can get breast cancer too—though it’s far less common. In fact, approximately 1 in 1,000 men will develop breast cancer in their lifetime, according to the American Cancer Society. While it’s rare, it’s important for men to be aware of the risk, understand the symptoms, and know what steps to take if they suspect something is wrong.

In this article, we’ll explore the facts about male breast cancer, the risk factors that contribute to the condition, the importance of early detection, and how men in Buffalo, NY, and Western New York can take steps to safeguard their health.

Understanding Male Breast Cancer

How Does Male Breast Cancer Develop?

Male breast cancer develops when abnormal cells in the breast tissue grow uncontrollably. Just like in women, the cells can form a lump or tumor that may spread to other parts of the body. However, men typically have much less breast tissue than women, so breast cancer in men is generally less common and harder to detect.

The vast majority of breast cancers in men are invasive ductal carcinomas (IDC), which originate in the milk ducts of the breast and then spread to surrounding tissues. Male breast cancer may also present as a non-invasive cancer like ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS), where the cancer remains confined to the ducts and has not spread.

Symptoms of Breast Cancer in Men

While male breast cancer is rare, it’s crucial to be aware of the warning signs. The symptoms of breast cancer in men can be similar to those in women and may include:

• A lump or mass in the breast tissue: The most common sign of breast cancer in men is a painless lump or swelling in the breast area.
• Changes in the skin or nipple: Redness, dimpling, or puckering of the skin around the breast, or changes in the nipple such as discharge, itching, or retraction (pulling inward) can also be signs of breast cancer.
• Pain or tenderness: Although pain is not typically a common symptom of breast cancer in men, some men may experience tenderness or discomfort in the breast tissue.
• Lymph node swelling: If the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes, swelling in the underarm area may occur.

If you notice any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult with a healthcare provider for an evaluation. Early detection of male breast cancer can significantly improve the chances of successful treatment.

Risk Factors for Male Breast Cancer

Although male breast cancer is rare, certain factors can increase a man’s likelihood of developing the disease. These include:

1. Age

The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age. Most men who develop breast cancer are over the age of 60, though younger men can also be diagnosed.

2. Family History and Genetics

A family history of breast cancer—particularly if a close female relative, such as a mother, sister, or daughter, has had breast cancer—can increase a man’s risk. Additionally, certain inherited gene mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, are strongly linked to breast cancer in both men and women. Men who inherit these mutations are at higher risk and may develop the disease at a younger age.

• BRCA Mutations: Men with BRCA2 mutations are at a higher risk of developing breast cancer than those with a BRCA1 mutation. These mutations also increase the risk of other cancers, such as prostate and pancreatic cancer.

3. Hormonal Imbalances

Hormonal imbalances, particularly increased estrogen levels, can contribute to the development of breast cancer in men. Estrogen is a hormone that plays a crucial role in breast development in women, but men also produce small amounts of estrogen, typically in balance with testosterone. However, when this balance is disrupted, it may increase the risk of breast cancer.

Conditions that can elevate estrogen levels in men include:

• Klinefelter syndrome: A rare genetic condition where men are born with an extra X chromosome, leading to lower testosterone levels and higher estrogen levels.
• Liver disease: Conditions like cirrhosis can reduce the body’s ability to process estrogen, leading to higher levels in the blood.
• Obesity: Excess body fat can convert testosterone into estrogen, increasing the levels of estrogen in the body and raising the risk of breast cancer.

4. Radiation Exposure

Previous exposure to radiation, particularly to the chest area, can increase the risk of developing breast cancer in men. This is especially true for men who had radiation therapy as part of the treatment for other cancers, such as lymphoma.

5. Testicular Conditions

Men with certain conditions affecting the testes, such as testicular cancer, undescended testicles (cryptorchidism), or orchitis (inflammation of the testes), have a higher risk of developing breast cancer.

Why Early Detection is Crucial for Men

The Importance of Regular Screenings

Although male breast cancer is rare, early detection is still crucial. As with any form of cancer, finding the disease in its early stages significantly increases the chances of successful treatment. Since there are no standardized screening guidelines for breast cancer in men, it’s important for men to be aware of their risk factors and perform regular self-exams to monitor for any changes in their breast tissue.

If you have a family history of breast cancer, a genetic predisposition (e.g., BRCA mutations), or other risk factors, you should talk to your doctor about possible screening options or early detection measures. Your doctor may recommend more frequent monitoring, including imaging tests like mammograms or MRIs, based on your individual risk profile.

What to Do if You Notice Symptoms

If you notice any changes in your breast tissue or experience symptoms such as a lump, changes in the skin, or nipple discharge, consult your healthcare provider immediately. An early diagnosis can lead to a more effective treatment plan and a better overall outcome.

How GLMI Helps Detect Male Breast Cancer Early

At Great Lakes Medical Imaging, we offer state-of-the-art breast imaging services, including mammography, ultrasound, and MRI. Although mammograms are commonly associated with women, we can perform mammograms for men who are at risk or showing symptoms. Our experienced radiologists use the latest technology to provide detailed images that help diagnose any abnormalities in the breast tissue. Early detection through advanced imaging can make all the difference in a patient’s treatment and prognosis.

Take Action Today

If you're concerned about your breast health or if you have risk factors for male breast cancer, don’t wait. Contact us today to schedule an appointment at Great Lakes Medical Imaging. Our team is here to provide you with the best care and ensure that your breast health is monitored regularly.

Medical Disclaimer

This article is for general informational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider regarding any medical conditions or concerns you may have.